253. Meeting Rooms II
mediumAsked at AirbnbFind the minimum number of rooms needed for overlapping meetings — Airbnb applies this directly to host-support queues, determining how many concierge agents must be on-call during peak booking hours.
By Alex Chen, Founder, InterviewChamp.AI · Last verified
Problem
Given an array of meeting time intervals where intervals[i] = [start_i, end_i], return the minimum number of conference rooms required to schedule all meetings without conflicts.
Constraints
1 <= intervals.length <= 10^40 <= start_i < end_i <= 10^6
Examples
Example 1
intervals = [[0,30],[5,10],[15,20]]2Explanation: Meeting [0,30] conflicts with both others, but [5,10] and [15,20] can share a second room sequentially.
Example 2
intervals = [[7,10],[2,4]]1Explanation: The meetings do not overlap, so one room suffices.
Approaches
1. Chronological events sort
Split every interval into a +1 start event and a -1 end event, sort all events by time, then sweep to track concurrent rooms.
- Time
- O(n log n)
- Space
- O(n)
function minMeetingRooms(intervals) {
const events = [];
for (const [s, e] of intervals) {
events.push([s, 1], [e, -1]);
}
events.sort((a, b) => a[0] - b[0] || a[1] - b[1]);
let rooms = 0, maxRooms = 0;
for (const [, type] of events) {
rooms += type;
maxRooms = Math.max(maxRooms, rooms);
}
return maxRooms;
}Tradeoff:
2. Min-heap (priority queue)
Sort by start time; use a min-heap of end times. For each meeting, if the earliest-ending room is free, reuse it. Otherwise allocate a new room. Heap size = answer.
- Time
- O(n log n)
- Space
- O(n)
class MinHeap {
constructor() { this.h = []; }
push(v) {
this.h.push(v);
let i = this.h.length - 1;
while (i > 0) {
const p = (i - 1) >> 1;
if (this.h[p] <= this.h[i]) break;
[this.h[p], this.h[i]] = [this.h[i], this.h[p]];
i = p;
}
}
pop() {
const top = this.h[0];
const last = this.h.pop();
if (this.h.length) {
this.h[0] = last;
let i = 0;
while (true) {
let s = i, l = 2*i+1, r = 2*i+2;
if (l < this.h.length && this.h[l] < this.h[s]) s = l;
if (r < this.h.length && this.h[r] < this.h[s]) s = r;
if (s === i) break;
[this.h[s], this.h[i]] = [this.h[i], this.h[s]];
i = s;
}
}
return top;
}
peek() { return this.h[0]; }
size() { return this.h.length; }
}
function minMeetingRooms(intervals) {
intervals.sort((a, b) => a[0] - b[0]);
const heap = new MinHeap();
for (const [start, end] of intervals) {
if (heap.size() && heap.peek() <= start) {
heap.pop();
}
heap.push(end);
}
return heap.size();
}Tradeoff:
Airbnb-specific tips
Airbnb uses this in the context of customer-support scheduling: 'How many agents do we need on-call given these support-call windows?' The heap approach is the expected answer — be ready to walk through why you pop only when the room end time is <= the new meeting start (not strictly less-than). Boundary conditions matter here.
Solve it now
Free. No sign-up. Python and JavaScript run instantly in your browser.
Practice these live with InterviewChamp.AI
Drill Meeting Rooms II and other Airbnb interview questions under real-loop conditions with instant feedback on your reasoning, complexity claims, and code.
Practice these live with InterviewChamp.AI →